Calvin Klein

Calvin Klein

Vladimir Propp's Character Types

The Villain- Struggles with the hero

The Doner- Character who gives the hero something to help them on their quest

The Helper- Accompanies the hero on the quest

The Princess- Sought for character (usually a woman)

The Dispacher- Sends hero on the quest

The Hero- Goes on the quest

The False Hero- Claims to be hero/ acting like the hero

Boundin' Pixar Short

The Villain- Farmer

The Doner- Jackalope 

The Helper- Jackalope

The Princess- Happiness/ Boundin'

The Dispacher- Jackalope

The Hero- Lamb

The False Hero- Lamb's Friends

Linear Narrative-    Beggining            Middle            End

                                                  (Chronological order)

Non Linear-    Non chronological 

The Male Gaze & Facial Expressions

The concept of the gaze is one that deals with how an audience views the people presented.


For feminists it can be thought of in 3 different ways:

• How men look at women
• How women look at other women
• How women look at themselves 

Gaze and Feminist Theory
Laura Mulvey coined the term 'Male Gaze' in 1975. She believes that in film audiences have to 'view' characters from the perspective of a heterosexual male.

Features of the male gaze:

• Camera lingers on the curves of the female body, and events which occur to women are presented largely in the context of a man's reaction to these events.
• Relegates women to the status of objects. The female viewer must experience the narrative secondarily by identification with the male.  

Criticism of Theory
Some women enjoy being 'looked at'. The gaze can also be directed toward the members of the same gender for several reasons, not all of which are sexual, such as comparison of body image or clothing.


Categorising Facial Expressions 
Women- Marjorie Ferguson
Chocolate Box

• Half/ full smile
• Lips together/ slightly parted
• Teeth barely visible
• Full/ three-quarters face to camera

Invitational

• Emphasis on eyes
• Mouth shut with a hint of a smile
• Head to one side or looking back at the camera

Super-smiler

• Full face
• Wide open, toothy smile
• Head thrust forward or thrown back
• Hair often wind blown

Romantic or sexual

• Includes male/ female 'two-somes'
• Dreamy
• Heavy lidded
• Overtly sensual/ sexual

Men- Trevor Millum
Seductive

• Similar to cool/ level
• Eyes less wide
• Expression is less reserved, but still self-confidant
• Milder

Carefree

• Nymph like
• Active
• Healthy 
• Vibrant
• Outdoor girl
• Often smiling/ grinning

Practical

• Concentrating
• Engaged in business in hand
• Mouth closed
• Eyes object directed
• Sometimes a slight frown
• Hair usually short style or tied back

Comic

• Deliberately ridiculous
• Exaggerated
• Acting the fool
• Pulling faces

Catalogue 

• Neutral looks of a dummy, artificial, wax like
• Features may be in any position- but most likely eyes wide open and a smile
• Looks remain vacant and empty with personality removed

Jonathan Schroeder- 1998
'To gaze implies more than to look at- it signifies a psychological relationship of power in which the gazer is superior to the object of the gaze.' 

Narrative Codes

Roland Barthes
Roland Barthes was a semioligist; basically he was paid to look at 'texts' to decipher how they were put together. He has described it as like a ball of string, texts may be 'open' unravelled in lots of different ways or 'closed' when there is only one obvious thread to pull on.

Codes
Action code- Implies something is about to happen
Enigma code- Something in a story that makes you ask a question
Semantic code- When an object gives ideas about things that are associated with it in connotation
Cultural code- When you use the audience that have a shared body of knowledge.
Symbolic code- Binary opposites

Binary Opposites- Levi Straus
He believed that the world was split into a series of binary opposites. Essentially only one thing can be defined in relation to something it isn't.

Ideology
An organised collection of ideas. An ideology can be thought of as a comprehensive vision as a way of looking at things, a belief which helps explain the world around us.

Mac vs. PC

The advert for the Mac shows one person representing the Mac, and another for PC. The man representing PC is shows to be a fat, stuffy middle-aged geek that can’t get a woman. This man is also shown to be someone who is stuck up and arrogant about PC, and doesn’t really have much of a fashion sense; this is a cultural code for stereotypical geeks. The Mac character however is someone who is young, fashionable, and healthy. He also is a laid back person and seems quite humble. The Mac presentation shows a young, attractive, tall, blonde woman, the PC presentation shows a man in drag with a beard. This advert shows binary opposites showing that the Mac is a better computer than the PC. There is also an enigmatic and action code when we see the Mac presentation and we know it is the PC’s turn to show his presentation, and we are wondering what he will show us. The semantic code is when we see the attractive woman, this makes us think that the mac is amazing compared to the PC man in drag, and therefor is a better computer. Ideology of this is if you buy a Mac instead of a PC you will be superior to anyone who has a PC.

Iron Man 2

Hollywood Film Production on Prezi

Mise-en-scene

Mise-en-scene refers to all the things 'put in the scene'

Tight framing is usually used for close shots.


Loose framing is used for longer shots.


In a shot, if the picture intersects the rule of thirds it makes it more interesting.
If something is placed central to the picture it becomes more confrontational.

Deep space images show that significant elements of an image are positioned, both near and distant from the camera. These objects don't have to be in focus.


Shallow space is when a picture shows very little depth.


Wide shots don't actually refer to the actual width of the shot, since the frame can not be altered. It refers more to the content and purpose of the shot.

Michael Bay

Michael Bay on Prezi